Clinical and radiographic characteristics of pycnodysostosis: A systematic review.

Purpose: Pycnodysostosis (PYCD), an autosomal recessive syndrome, is characterized by an imbalance in bone remodeling that produces various clinical and radiographic craniofacial manifestations. This review represents a systematic examination of these manifestations, as well as oral features associated with PYCD. Materials and Methods: A systematic review was conducted across 8 databases from February to March 2023. The search strategy focused on studies reporting cases of PYCD that examined the clinical and radiographic craniofacial and oral characteristics associated with this syndrome. Results: The review included 84 studies, encompassing a total of 179 cases of PYCD. More than half of the patients were female (55.3%), and the mean age was 14.7 years. Parental consanguinity was reported in 51.4% of the cases. The most common craniofacial clinical manifestation was a prominent nose, observed in 57.5% of cases. Radiographically, the most frequently reported craniofacial characteristics included the presence of an obtuse mandibular angle (84.3%) and frontal cranial bosses (82.1%). Clinical and radiographic examinations revealed oral alterations, with micrognathia present in 62.6% of patients and malocclusion in 59.2%. Among dental anomalies, tooth agenesis was the most commonly reported, affecting 15.6% of patients. Conclusion: Understanding the clinical and radiographic craniofacial features of PYCD is crucial for dental professionals. This knowledge enables these clinicians to devise effective treatment plans and improve patient quality of life.

Contribution of public oral pathology services to the diagnosis of oral and oropharyngeal cancer in Brazil.

This study aimed to evaluate the contribution of oral and maxillofacial pathology laboratories (OMPLs) in Brazilian public universities to the diagnosis of lip, oral cavity, and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). A cross-sectional study was performed using biopsy records from a consortium of sixteen public OMPLs from all regions of Brazil (North, Northeast, Central-West, Southeast, and South). Clinical and demographic data of patients diagnosed with lip, oral cavity, and oropharyngeal SCC between 2010 and 2019 were collected from the patients' histopathological records. Of the 120,010 oral and maxillofacial biopsies (2010-2019), 6.9% (8,321 cases) were diagnosed as lip (0.8%, 951 cases), oral cavity (4.9%, 5,971 cases), and oropharyngeal (1.2%, 1,399 cases) SCCs. Most cases were from Brazil's Southeast (64.5%), where six of the OMPLs analyzed are located. The predominant profile of patients with lip and oral cavity SCC was Caucasian men, with a mean age over 60 years, low schooling level, and a previous history of heavy tobacco consumption. In the oropharyngeal group, the majority were non-Caucasian men, with a mean age under 60 years, had a low education level, and were former/current tobacco and alcohol users. According to data from the Brazilian National Cancer Institute, approximately 9.9% of the total lip, oral cavity, and oropharyngeal SCCs reported over the last decade in Brazil may have been diagnosed at the OMPLs included in the current study. Therefore, this data confirms the contribution of public OMPLs with respect to the important diagnostic support they provide to the oral healthcare services extended by the Brazilian Public Health System.

Oxidative stress markers in the saliva of patients with oral lichen planus.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the levels of oxidative stress markers in the saliva of patients with oral lichen planus (OLP). METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 22 patients diagnosed both clinically and histologically with OLP (reticular or erosive) and 12 individuals without OLP. Non-stimulated sialometry was performed and oxidative stress (myeloperoxidase - MPO and malondialdehyde - MDA) and antioxidant (superoxide dismutase - SOD and glutathione - GSH) markers were determined in the saliva. RESULTS: Among the patients with OLP, most were women (n = 19; 86.4%) and reported to have experienced menopause (63.2%). Patients with OLP were mostly in the active stage of the disease (n = 17; 77.3%) and the reticular form was predominant (n = 15; 68.2%). No statistically significant differences were observed when comparing SOD, GSH, MPO and MDA values between individuals with and without OLP, as well as between erosive and reticular forms of OLP (p > 0.05). Patients with inactive OLP presented higher SOD when compared to those with active disease (p = 0.031). CONCLUSION: Oxidative stress markers in the saliva of patients with OLP were similar to those found in people without OLP, which can be related to the high exposure of the oral cavity environment to several physical, chemical and microbiological stimuli, important generators of the oxidative stress.

Contribution of public oral pathology services to the diagnosis of oral and oropharyngeal cancer in Brazil

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the contribution of oral and maxillofacial pathology laboratories (OMPLs) in Brazilian public universities to the diagnosis of lip, oral cavity, and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). A cross-sectional study was performed using biopsy records from a consortium of sixteen public OMPLs from all regions of Brazil (North, Northeast, Central-West, Southeast, and South). Clinical and demographic data of patients diagnosed with lip, oral cavity, and oropharyngeal SCC between 2010 and 2019 were collected from the patients' histopathological records. Of the 120,010 oral and maxillofacial biopsies (2010-2019), 6.9% (8,321 cases) were diagnosed as lip (0.8%, 951 cases), oral cavity (4.9%, 5,971 cases), and oropharyngeal (1.2%, 1,399 cases) SCCs. Most cases were from Brazil's Southeast (64.5%), where six of the OMPLs analyzed are located. The predominant profile of patients with lip and oral cavity SCC was Caucasian men, with a mean age over 60 years, low schooling level, and a previous history of heavy tobacco consumption. In the oropharyngeal group, the majority were non-Caucasian men, with a mean age under 60 years, had a low education level, and were former/current tobacco and alcohol users. According to data from the Brazilian National Cancer Institute, approximately 9.9% of the total lip, oral cavity, and oropharyngeal SCCs reported over the last decade in Brazil may have been diagnosed at the OMPLs included in the current study. Therefore, this data confirms the contribution of public OMPLs with respect to the important diagnostic support they provide to the oral healthcare services extended by the Brazilian Public Health System.

Desordens orais potencialmente malignas: uma análise bibliométrica dos trabalhos apresentados na sociedade brasileira de pesquisa odontológica (sbpqo) / Oral potentially malignant disorders: a bibliometric analysisof the works presented at brazilian society of dental research (sbpqo)

Objetivo: as Desordens Orais Potencialmente Malignas (DOPMs) consistem em lesões e condições epiteliais que apresentam risco aumentado de malignidade. Nessa pesquisa, buscou-se identificar o perfil da produção cien-tífica brasileira sobre as DOPMs, a partir de uma análise bibliométrica dos trabalhos apresentados nas Reuniões da Sociedade Brasileira de Pesquisa Odontológica (SBPqO). Materiais e Métodos: foi realizado um estudo bibliométrico, em que foram analisados os anais das reuniões anuais da SBPqO realizadas entre 2015 a 2019. Incluiu-se resumos sobre DOPMs apresentados em qualquer categoria e as seguintes informações foram extraídas: ano, desenho do estudo, tipo de DOPM, unidade federativa, localização e instituição de ensino superior de origem. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva. Resultados:foram identificados 91 resumos. A maior parte foi publicada em 2015 (24,2%) e por autores do estado de São Paulo (22%). A leucoplasia foi a desordem mais frequente (36,2%), seguida pela queilite actínica (35,2%). A maioria dos estudos foi de autoria de pesquisadores das regiões Sudeste (29%) e Sul (28%). Em relação à instituição de ensino, grande parte (68,1%) foi proveniente de universidades públicas. O tipo de estudo mais frequente foi pesquisa labo-ratorial básica (57,1%). Discussão: os achados do estudo indicam que o número de pesquisas sobre as DOPMs apresentadas nas Reuniões da SBPqO ainda é reduzido, concentrados na região sudeste e nas universidades públicas. Conclusão: realizar novas pesquisas a respeito desse tema é muito importante, pois permite a descoberta de informações relevantes para a saúde dos indivíduos frente a essa neoplasia.

Objective: Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (OPMDs) are lesions and epithelial conditions that present an increased risk of malignancy. In this research, the aim was to identify the profile of Brazilian scientific produc-tion on DOPMs, based on a bibliometric analysis of the works presented at the Meetings of the Brazilian Dental Research Society (SBPqO). Materials and Methods: a bibliometric study was carried out, in which the annals of the annual SBPqO meetings held between 2015 and 2019 were analyzed. Abstracts about DOPMs presented in any category were included and the following information was extracted: year, study design, type of DOPM, federative unit, location and educational institution of origin. The data were analyzed using descriptive sta-tistics. Results: 91 abstracts were identified. Most were published in 2015 (24.2%) and by authors from the state of São Paulo (22%). Leukoplakia was the most frequent disorder (36.2%), followed by actinic cheilitis (35.2%). Most of the studies were authored by researchers from the Southeast (29%) and South (28%) regions. Regarding the educational institution, a large part (68.1%) came from public universities. The most frequent type of study was basic laboratory research (57.1%). Discussion: the study findings indicate that the number of researches on DOPMs presented at the SBPqO Meetings is still small, concentrated in the Southeast region and in public universities. Conclusion: conducting new research on this topic is very important, as it allows the discovery of information relevant to the health of individuals in the face of this neoplasm.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on public University laboratories of oral and maxillofacial pathology: A Brazilian multicenter study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the number of diagnoses of oral and maxillofacial lesions in public laboratories after one year of COVID-19 outbreak in Brazil. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study. Biopsies submitted to histopathologic examination from March 2019 to February 2020 (pre-pandemic period) and from April 2020 to March 2021 (pandemic period) in nine Brazilian public oral pathology laboratories were retrieved and the number of diagnoses, types of lesion, and percentage changes during both periods were analyzed. RESULTS: There were 7389 diagnoses in the pre-pandemic period and 2728 in the pandemic era, indicating a reduction of 63.08%. The reduction was 64.23% for benign lesions and 49.48% for malignant lesions, with a 50.64% reduction in squamous cell carcinoma. The largest decreases were observed in April 2020 and January 2021. CONCLUSION: An important reduction in the diagnoses of benign and malignant lesions was noted in the Brazilian public oral pathology laboratories during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Immunohistochemical comparative analysis of IMP-3 and KI-67 in actinic cheilitis and lower lip squamous cell carcinoma.

Actinic cheilitis (AC) and lower lip squamous cell carcinoma (LLSCC) exhibit epithelial alterations mainly associated with chronic ultraviolet ray exposure. Currently, it is impossible to predict which AC cases will progress to LLSCC; thus, biomolecular markers have been studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunoexpression of IMP-3 and KI-67 in AC and LLSCC. Forty AC and 40 LLSCC cases were submitted to peroxidase method and quantitatively analyzed, using the following scores: 0 (0% positive cells), + 1(≤ 30%), + 2 (> 30% to ≤ 60%), and + 3 (> 60%). Results were submitted to non-parametric Mann-Whitney (U) test. A p value < 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. IMP-3 immunoexpression was observed in 26 AC cases, with predominance of the score 1 (35% of cases). This protein was also positive in 22 LLSCC cases, with predominance of the score 3 (37.5% of cases). Immunoexpression of KI-67 was observed in all studied cases, with predominance of the score 2 (70% of AC cases and 57.5% LLSCC cases). The association between IMP-3 and Ki-67 immunoexpression, AC dysplastic severity and LLSCC tumoral grade revealed no significant differences. The present results demonstrate that IMP-3 and Ki-67 immunoexpression are frequent in AC and in LLSCC. Moreover, these proteins could be involved in lower lip carcinogenesis process.

Comparative study of royal jelly, propolis, and photobiomodulation therapies in 5-fluorouracil-related oral mucositis in rats.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the effects and mechanisms of action of royal jelly (RJ) and propolis compared to photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) in an animal model of 5-fluorouracil-related oral mucositis (OM). METHODS: Seventy-two male Wistar rats were randomly allocated to four groups (n = 18 each): control (no treatment), PBMT (intraoral laser, 6 J/cm2), RJ, and propolis. On days 0 and 2, the animals received an injection of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). The buccal mucosa was scratched (days 3 and 4) and the treatments were initiated on day 5. Six animals of each group were euthanized on days 8, 10, and 14. Phytochemical analysis (thin-layer chromatography, TLC) and clinical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical analysis of pS6, pAKT, and NF-κB were performed, and oxidative stress markers were also investigated. RESULTS: TLC revealed the presence of large amounts of sucrose (Rf 0.34) in RJ and of flavonoids in propolis. Lower clinical OM scores were observed on day 8, and improved morphological data were observed on day 10 in the PBMT, RJ, and propolis groups (p < 0.05). On day 8, immunoexpression of pS6, pAKT, and NF-κB was increased compared to control. On day 14, reduced glutathione (GSH) antioxidant levels were increased in the propolis group compared to control (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that RJ and propolis, as well as PBMT, are effective in the treatment of OM. Considering that some patients who develop OM do not have access to PBMT, the present study demonstrated that topical application of RJ and propolis may be an important alternative for the treatment of OM.

Immunohistochemical expression of OCT4 and CD44 in major and minor salivary gland neoplasms.

The aim of this study was to identify tumor parenchyma cells exhibiting immunohistochemical profile of stem cells by evaluating the immunoreactivity of OCT4 and CD44 in a number of cases of salivary gland neoplasms. The sample consisted of 20 pleomorphic adenomas, 20 mucoepidermoid carcinomas, and 20 adenoid cystic carcinomas located in major and minor salivary glands. The expression of OCT4 and CD44 was evaluated by the percentage of positive cells and the intensity of expression. All studied cases showed positive expression of OCT4 and CD44 and higher values than the control groups. For OCT4, luminal and non-luminal cells were immunostained in the case of pleomorphic adenomas and adenoid cystic carcinomas. Moreover, the immunoreactivity of CD44 was particularly evident in the non-luminal cells of these lesions. In mucoepidermoid carcinomas, there was immunoreactivity for both markers in squamous and intermediate cells and absence of staining in mucous cells. For both markers, a significantly higher immunostaining was verified in neoplasms located in the major salivary glands compared with lesions in minor salivary glands (p<0.001). In the total sample and in minor salivary glands, malignant neoplasms exhibited higher immunoreactivity for OCT4 than pleomorphic adenoma. A significant moderate positive correlation (r = 0.444 and p ≤ 0.001) was found between OCT4 and CD44 immunoexpression in the total sample. The high expression of OCT4 and CD44 may indicate that these proteins play an important role in identifying tumor stem cells.

Uso de agentes naturais no manejo da mucosite oral / Use of natural agents in the management of oral mucositis

A mucosite oral (MO) é uma grave complicação dos tratamentos antineoplásicos, caracterizada pela presença de lesões erosivas e ulcerativas na mucosa oral, que podem causar uma diminuição significativa na qualidade de vida do paciente. Realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre o uso de agentes naturais na prevenção e tratamento da MO induzida por quimioterapia e/ou radioterapia. Artigos científicos foram pesquisados nas bases de dados SciELO, LILACS e Medline/PubMed, utilizando-se os descritores chamomile, propolis, honey, aloe, chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis e phytotherapeutic drug. A partir dessa busca e dos critérios de inclusão adotados, 22 artigos foram selecionados. Na maioria dos estudos analisados, o uso de produtos naturais, como camomila, própolis, mel e aloe vera, foi capaz de diminuir a incidência da MO e a severidade dessas lesões e, além disso, permitiu um melhor controle da dor local, sendo considerada uma boa opção terapêutica. O uso de produtos naturais tornou-se um importante método alternativo para tratamento e prevenção da MO, pois é uma terapia de baixo custo, que apresenta menos reações adversas e que podem ser implementadas pelos profissionais da saúde bucal... (AU)

Oral mucositis (OM) is a serious complication of antineoplastic treatments, characterized by the presence of erosive and ulcerative lesions in the oral mucosa, which may cause a significant decrease in the quality of life of the patient. To perform a literature review about the use of natural agents in the prevention and treatment of OM induced by chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. Scientific articles were searched in the Scielo, Lilacs and Medline / PubMed databases using the descriptors chamomile, propolis, honey, aloe, chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis and phytotherapeutic drugs. From that research and according to the inclusion criteria, 22 articles were selected to compose this literature review. In most of the analyzed studies, the use of natural products, such as chamomile, propolis, honey and aloe vera was able to decrease the incidence of OM and the severity of these leions, and also allowed a better control of local pain, thus being considered a good therapeutic option. The use of natural products became an important alternative method for the treatment and prevention of OM, since it is a low-cost treatment, which presents less adverse effects and that can be implemented by oral health professionals... (AU)

La mucositis oral (MO) es una complicación grave de los tratamientos antineoplásicos, caracterizada por la presencia de lesiones erosivas y ulcerativas en la mucosa oral, que pueden provocar una disminución significativa de la calidad de vida del paciente. Realizar una revisión de la literatura sobre el uso de agentes naturales en la prevención y el tratamiento de la MO inducida por quimioterapia y / o radioterapia. Se realizaron búsquedas de artículos científicos en las bases de datos SciELO, LILACS y Medline/PubMed, utilizando los descriptores Manzanilla; Própolis; Miel; Aloe; Estomatitis; Medicamentos Fitoterápicos. De esta búsqueda y de los criterios de inclusión adoptados se seleccionaron 22 artículos. En la mayoría de los estudios analizados, el uso de productos naturales, como manzanilla, própolis, miel y aloe vera, consiguió reducir la incidencia de MO y la gravedad de estas lesiones y, además, permitió un mejor control del dolor local, siendo considerada una buena opción terapéutica. El uso de productos naturales se ha convertido en un método alternativo importante para el tratamiento y prevención de la MO, por ser una terapia de bajo costo, que tiene menos reacciones adversas y que puede ser implementada por profesionales de la salud bucal... (AU)

A 46-Year Retrospective Study of Oral Vascular Anomalies in a Brazilian Population

ABSTRACT: A retrospective study was performed to describe the demographic and clinicopathological characteristics of cases of vascular anomalies in a Brazilian population. The data of cases diagnosed as vascular anomalies over a period of 46 years, were retrieved from the archives of the Pathological Anatomy Service of the Department of Dentistry of Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. Information about sex, age, race, diagnosis, location, and clinical characteristics was extracted. A database was created for analysis in the SPSS system and description of the results. The sample consisted of 597 cases categorized as follows: pyogenic granuloma (n = 454), infantile hemangioma (n = 57), vascular malformation (n = 37), lymphangioma (n = 20), hemangiolymph angioma (n = 10), vascular thrombus (n = 7), hemangio endothelioma (n = 5), angiofibroma (n = 1), hemangioendothelio sarcoma (n = 1), and Kaposi sarcoma (n = 5). Overall, there was a predominance of females (64.2 %), white race (54.2 %), and patients in the 3rd and 4th decades of life. Most cases affected the gingiva/ ridge (44.75 %), had a red/reddish color (60.07 %), sessile implantation (52.4 %), soft consistency (52.7 %) and nodular appearance (53, 9 %), and were non-hemorrhagic (51.3 %) and asymptomatic (76.6 %). The demographic and clinicopathological findings obtained for most of the vascular lesions analyzed are similar to those reported in published studies involving other populations. Knowledge of the particularities of these disorders is important for appropriate diagnosis and treatment decision.

RESUMEN: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo para describir las características demográficas y clínico-patológicas de casos de anomalías vasculares en una población brasileña. Los datos de los casos diagnosticados como anomalías vasculares durante un período de 46 años, fueron obtenidos de los archivos del Servicio de Anatomía Patológica del Departamento de Odontología de la Universidade Federal de Rio Grande do Norte. Se analizó la información de sexo, edad, raza, diagnóstico, ubicación y características clínicas, y se creó una base de datos para análisis en el sistema SPSS y descripción de los resultados. La muestra consistió de 597 casos categorizados de la siguiente manera: granuloma piógeno (n = 454), hemangioma infantil (n = 57), malformación vascular (n = 37), linfangioma (n = 20), hemangiolinfangioma (n = 10), trombo vascular (n = 7), hemangioendotelioma (n = 5), angiofibroma (n = 1), hemangioendoteliosarcoma (n = 1) y sarcoma de Kaposi (n = 5). En general predominaron las mujeres de raza blanca (64,2 %), (54,2 %), y pacientes en la 3ª y 4ª década de la vida. La mayoría de los casos afectaban la encía / cresta (44,75 %), tenían un color rojo / rojizo (60,07 %), implantación sésil (52,4 %), consistencia blanda (52,7 %) y apariencia nodular (53,9 %), no hemorrágicos (51,3 %) y asintomáticos (76,6 %). Los hallazgos demográficos y clínico-patológicos de la mayoría de las lesiones vasculares analizadas son similares a los reportados en la literatura de otras poblaciones. El conocimiento de las particularidades de estos trastornos es importante para el diagnóstico y la decisión de tratamientos adecuados.

Co-existence of cheilitis glandularis and actinic cheilitis-an update.

Cheilitis Glandularis (CG) is a chronic inflammatory disorder with no specific etiology that affects the minor salivary glands of the lips. The main characteristic of this condition consists of the exit of thick saliva or mucopurulent secretion through the dilated ducts present in the vermilion border of the lip, associated to varying degrees of macrocheilia. In this article we report the case of a male patient, leucoderma, 48 years old, that exhibited actinic cheilitis and glandular cheilitis. We emphasized the clinical management, diagnosis criteria and treatment, taking into consideration that GC is a rare condition and makes a differential diagnosis with other entities that may occur on lips. Although a diagnosis of CG is not difficult, its treatment is a challenge, considering the unknown etiology that hinders the development of more specific and effective treatments.

Validação de instrumentos de pesquisa odontológica no Brasil: um estudo bibliométrico com base nos anais de um congresso brasileiro / Validation of dental research instruments in Brazil: a bibliometric study, based on the annals of a Brazilian conference

Objetivo: analisar os estudos de validação de instrumentos de pesquisa publicados nos anais das reuniões anuais da Sociedade Brasileira de Pesquisa Odontológica (SBPqO), no período de 2010 a 2019. Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo bibliométrico em que foram incluídos trabalhos sobre a adaptação transcultural ou avaliação das propriedades psicométricas de instrumentos de pesquisa. Três pesquisadores independentes e calibrados realizaram a leitura dos resumos e extraíram informações sobre: ano, localização geográfica, tipo de instituição de ensino dos autores, financiamento, objetivo do trabalho, idioma original do instrumento, constructo e público-alvo. Os dados foram analisados através de estatística descritiva.Resultados:Foram incluídos 26 resumos, sendo a maioria publicada em 2018 (23%) e 2019 (30,5%) e por pesquisadores de instituições públicas de ensino (88,4%) localizadas nos estados de São Paulo (35%) e Minas Gerais (27%). Metade dos estudos realizou, concomitantemente, adaptação transcultural e avaliação das propriedades psicométricas. Os constructos mais frequentemente abordados foram alfabetismo em saúde bucal (ASB) (23%) e qualidade de vida relacionada a saúde bucal (QVRSB) (15,4%). O público-alvo mais prevalente envolveu os adultos (38,4%) e profissionais de saúde (19,3%). Conclusão:O número de estudos de validação de instrumentos de pesquisa foi baixo, concentrado, principalmente, nos anos de 2018 e 2019, e conduzidos em maioria por pesquisadores de universidades públicas dos estados de São Paulo e Minas Gerais. A maior parte dos estudos realizou, concomitantemente, adaptação transcultural e avaliação das propriedades psicométricas de instrumentos sobre ASB e QVRSB.

Aim: To analyze studies reporting the validation of research instruments published in the annals of the annual meetings of the Brazilian Society of Dental Research (SBPqO), between 2010 and 2019. Methods: A bibliometric study, including abstracts reporting the cross-cultural adaptation or evaluation of the psychometric properties of research instruments, was conducted. Studies reporting the development of research instruments were excluded. Three independent and calibrated researchers read the abstracts and extracted information regarding: year, geographic location, and type of educational institution of authors, funding, study objective, original language of the instrument, construct, and target audience. Data were analyzed descriptively. Results: Twenty-six studies were included; most were published in 2018 (23%) and 2019 (30.5%), by researchers from public institutions (88.4%) and from the states of São Paulo (35%) and Minas Gerais (27%). Half of the studies performed the cross-cultural adaptation and evaluation of psychometric properties jointly. The most frequent constructs were oral health literacy (OHL) (23%) and oral health-related quality of live (OHRQoL) (15.4%). Most instruments were directed toward adults (38.4%) and health professionals (19.3%). Conclusion: The number of studies reporting the validation of research instruments was low, concentrated in the years 2018 and 2019, and mainly conducted by researchers from public universities in São Paulo and Minas Gerais. Most studies performed the cross-cultural adaptation and evaluation of psychometric properties of instruments concerning OHL and OHRQoL.

Fissuras orofaciais: uma análise bibliométrica dos trabalhos apresentados em um congresso brasileiro / Orofacial fissures: a bibliometric analysis of the works presented at a Brazilian congress

Objetivo: Investigar a produção científica sobre fendas orofaciais em um congresso brasileiro, entre os anos de 2009 a 2019. Métodos:Realizou-se um estudo bibliométrico, observacional, pela análise de resumos publicados em anais das Reuniões Anuais da Sociedade Brasileira de Pesquisa Odontológica (SBPqO), que envolviam o tema de fissuras orofaciais.Os dados referentes aos resumos (ano de publicação, local do estudo ­ unidade federativa, tipo de fissura, grande área de conhecimento, desenho, tipo de instituição,recebimento de fomento) foram coletados e analisados através de uma estatística descritiva e analítica. Foi aplicado o teste não paramétrico de Mann-Whitney (p < 0,05). Resultados: Dentre 28.578 resumos, 194 (0,67%) eram sobre fissuras orofaciais. A maioria deles envolvia mais de um tipo de fissura (n = 180; 93,3%) e foram realizados,principalmente, em instituições públicas (n = 128; 66%) das regiões Sudeste (n = 121;62,3%), e Sul (n = 23; 11,8%), sem recebimento de fomento (60,8%). A área de conhecimento mais comum foi Epidemiologia/Saúde Coletiva (n = 60; 30,9%), com predominância dos desenhos de estudos transversais (n = 85; 43,8%). Houve associação estatisticamente significativa entre recebimento de financiamento e maior tamanho amostral. Conclusão: Poucos estudos investigaram as fissuras orofaciais na SBPqO.Uma investigação mais aprofundada nesse campo de pesquisa permite identificar problemáticas que possibilitam a organização, planejamento e monitoramento da atenção especializada para os portadores dessas anomalias, assim como criar condições para uma descentralização do cuidado pela ampliação da rede de serviços para outras localidades no Brasil.

Aim: To investigate the scientific production concerning orofacial clefts presented at a Brazilian congress, between 2009 and 2019. Methods: A bibliometric and observational study was conducted, though the analysis of abstracts published in the annals of the Annual Meetings of the Brazilian Society of Dental Research (SBPqO), concerning orofacial clefts. Data referring to the abstracts (year of publication, place of study - federative unit, type of fissure, broad area of knowledge, design, type of institution, receipt of funding) were collected and organized through descriptive and analytical statistics. The Mann-Whitney non-parametric test was applied (p < 0.05). Results: Among 28,578 abstracts, 194 (0.67%) concerned orofacial clefts. Most of them dealt with more than one type of cleft (n = 180; 93.3%) and were mainly conducted in public institutions (n = 128; 66%), in the Southeast (n = 121; 62.3%) and South (n = 23; 11.8%) regions, and without funding (60.8%). The most common field of knowledge was Epidemiology/Public Health (n = 60; 30.9%), with a predominance of cross-sectional studies (n = 185; 43.8%). There was a statistically significant association between funding and higher sample size. Conclusion:Few studies have investigated orofacial clefts in SBPqO. An in-depth investigation in this field of research allows for the identification of problems that make it possible to organize, plan, and monitor specialized care for people with these anomalies, as well as create conditions for the decentralization of care by expanding the service network to other locations in Brazil.

Immunohistochemical expression of OCT4 and CD44 in major and minor salivary gland neoplasms

Abstract The aim of this study was to identify tumor parenchyma cells exhibiting immunohistochemical profile of stem cells by evaluating the immunoreactivity of OCT4 and CD44 in a number of cases of salivary gland neoplasms. The sample consisted of 20 pleomorphic adenomas, 20 mucoepidermoid carcinomas, and 20 adenoid cystic carcinomas located in major and minor salivary glands. The expression of OCT4 and CD44 was evaluated by the percentage of positive cells and the intensity of expression. All studied cases showed positive expression of OCT4 and CD44 and higher values than the control groups. For OCT4, luminal and non-luminal cells were immunostained in the case of pleomorphic adenomas and adenoid cystic carcinomas. Moreover, the immunoreactivity of CD44 was particularly evident in the non-luminal cells of these lesions. In mucoepidermoid carcinomas, there was immunoreactivity for both markers in squamous and intermediate cells and absence of staining in mucous cells. For both markers, a significantly higher immunostaining was verified in neoplasms located in the major salivary glands compared with lesions in minor salivary glands (p<0.001). In the total sample and in minor salivary glands, malignant neoplasms exhibited higher immunoreactivity for OCT4 than pleomorphic adenoma. A significant moderate positive correlation (r = 0.444 and p ≤ 0.001) was found between OCT4 and CD44 immunoexpression in the total sample. The high expression of OCT4 and CD44 may indicate that these proteins play an important role in identifying tumor stem cells.

Expression profile of DNA repair proteins and histone H3 lys-9 acetylation in cutaneous and oral lichen planus.

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the expression profile of DNA repair proteins (XRCC1 and APE1) and histone acetylation (H3K9) in oral and cutaneous lichen planus, in order to investigate potential biological markers that can clarify pathogenesis of these lesions. DESIGN AND RESULTS: The total sample consisted of 89 lichen planus cases (66 oral and 23 cutaneous). Analysis of APE1 and XRCC1 expression was performed by immunohistochemistry in 44 oral and 20 cutaneous lichen planus, whereas the analysis of H3K9 acetylation was performed by immunofluorescence in 42 oral and 11 cutaneous lichen planus. RESULTS: Immunoreactivity for APE1 and XRCC1 was significantly higher in cutaneous lichen planus than in oral lichen planus (P = 0.003 and P = 0.034, respectively). There was a significant and moderate positive correlation between APE1 and XRCC1 in the oral group (Rho = 0.544; P < 0.0001). In oral cases, there were no statistically significant results comparing APE1 and XRCC1 expression between reticular and erosive cases (P > 0.05). Evaluation of H9K3 histone acetylation levels did not reveal significant results comparing oral to cutaneous lichen planus, neither comparing erosive to reticular (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Changes in the expression profile of the DNA repair proteins exerted greater influence in pathogenesis of cutaneous lichen planus than oral lichen planus, in addition, H3K9 histone acetylation is an epigenetic event found in both lesions.

Actinic cheilitis: Morphometric parameters and its relationship with the degree of epithelial dysplasia.

Actinic cheilitis (AC) is a potentially malignant lesion caused by chronic sun exposure. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the degree of epithelial dysplasia and morphometric findings in AC. Sixty-eight slides of AC cases were selected and classified according to the grade of epithelial dysplasia, following morphologic criteria of World Health Organization. For morphometric analysis, the slides were scanned and images were analyzed using Pannoramic Viewer software. We obtained vertical measurements of the parameters: thicknesses of the keratin layer, lamina propria and zone of solar elastosis in three selected fields. Thirty-seven (54.4%) of the analyzed cases were classified as none/mild dysplasia and 31 (45.6%) as moderate/severe epithelial dysplasia. Cases with a moderate/severe dysplasia exhibited a thicker layer of keratin (median = 0.055 mm) than none/mild dysplasia (median = 0.045 mm) (p = 0.033). No significant differences in the thicknesses of lamina propria and zone of solar elastosis were observed according to the grade of epithelial dysplasia. A positive significant correlation between keratin layer and lamina propria thicknesses was found (p = 0.019). Based on our findings, rigorous clinical follow-up should be recommended for patients whose histopathological examination shows a greater thickness of the keratin layer.

Câncer de boca: avaliação do conhecimento de cirurgiões-dentistas da estratégia de saúde da família de mossoró (rn) / Oral cancer: Assessment of knowledge of dentists of the Family Health Strategy in Mossoró, stateof Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil / Cáncer oral: evaluación del conocimiento de los dentistas de la Estrategia de Salud de la Familia de Mossoró, estadode Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil

IntroduçãoO câncer de boca é uma neoplasia maligna que representa um sério problema de saúde pública devido alta incidência, prevalência,mortalidade e o cirurgião-dentista deve estar apto a diagnosticar essa doença.Objetivo:Esseestudo buscou avaliar o conhecimento dos cirurgiões-dentistas da Estratégia de Saúde da Família de Mossoró, estado do Rio Grande do Nortesobre o câncer bucal. Metodologia: Para a coleta de dados, o pesquisador se deslocou à Unidade Básica de Saúde para convidar o profissional a participar da pesquisa e aplicou um questionário estruturado. Após análise dos questionários, foi atribuído um conceito a cada entrevistado para avaliação do seu conhecimento sobre o câncer de boca.Para tabulação e análise dos dados, foi utilizado o programa estatístico Statiscal Package Social Sciences, versão 23.0. A associação entre as variáveis foi verificada por meio do teste qui-quadrado.Resultados: Em relação à autoavaliação, apenas 7% da amostra considerou-se com nível ótimo de conhecimento.Uma minoria (4,7%) participou de cursos com essa temática no ano passado. Observou-se, ainda, que 81,4% dos cirurgiões-dentistas apresentaram baixo nível de confiança para realizar procedimentos de diagnóstico do câncer bucal. Ao atribuir conceitos de acordo com as respostas dosprofissionais sobre o conhecimento do câncer bucal, constatou-se quemaior parte dos cirurgiões-dentistas entrevistados obtiveram conceito regular (C) e bom (B) sobre o câncer de boca. Após análise estatística, observou-seque quanto maior a faixa etária, maior o percentual de profissionais com conhecimento regular e insatisfatório sobre o câncer de boca, sendo este resultado estatisticamente significativo. Conclusões:A maior parte dos cirurgiões-dentistas de Mossoró apresentaram conhecimento entre regular e bom sobre o câncer de boca, euma parcela expressiva se autodeclara insegura para realizar o diagnóstico, sendo necessáriostreinamentos sobre o câncer de boca e atualizações que também contribuam com a elevação da autoconfiança desses profissionais (AU).

Introduction:Oral cancer is a malignant neoplasm that represents a serious public health problem due to the high incidence, prevalence and mortality and the dentist must be able to diagnose this disease. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge of dentists of the Family Health Strategy of Mossoró (Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil) about oral cancer. Methodology:The researcher went to the Basic Health Unit to invite dentists to participate in the research andapplied a structured questionnaire. After analyzing the questionnaires, each interviewee was given a concept to assess their knowledge of oral cancer. The tabulation and data analysis was used with a statistical program called Statiscal Package Social Sciences, version 23.0. The association between variables was analysed using qui-square test.Results:Regarding self-assessment, only 7% of the sample considered themselves to have an excellent level of knowledge about the disease. A minority (4.7%) participated in courses with this theme last year. It was also observed that 81.4% of dentists had a low level of confidence in performing oral cancer diagnostic procedures. When assigning concepts according to the answers given by professionals about the knowledge of oral cancer, it was found that most of the interviewed dental surgeons obtained a regular (C) and good (B) concept of oral cancer. After statistical analysis, it was possible to observe that the older the age group, the higher the percentage of professionals with regular and unsatisfactory knowdge about oral cancer, this result being statistically significant.Conclusions:Most of the dentists in Mossoró had knowledge between regular and good about oral cancer, andthey feel insecure to make the diagnosis, requiring training on oral cancer and refresher courses that also contribute to the increase of self-confidence of these professionals (AU).

Introducción: El cáncer de boca es un grave problema de salud pública debido a la alta incidencia, prevalencia y mortalidad, y eldentista debe diagnosticar esta enfermedad. Objetivo: El objetivo del estudio fueevaluar el conocimiento de los dentistas de la Estrategia de Salud Familiar de Mossoró(Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil) sobre el cáncer bucal. Metodología: Para la recolección de datos, el investigador se trasladó a la Unidad Básica de Salud para invitar a los profesionales y se aplicó un cuestionario estructurado. Después de analizar los cuestionarios, a cada entrevistado se le dio una puntuación para evaluar su conocimiento sobre el cáncer bucal. Para análisis de datos, se utilizó el programa Statiscal Package Social Sciencesversión 23.0. La asociación entre variables se verificó mediante la prueba de chi-cuadrado. Resultados: Con respecto a la autoevaluación, 7% de la muestra se consideraba que tenía un excelente nivel de conocimiento sobre la enfermedad. Una minoría (4.7%) participó en cursos respecto a este tema el año pasado. 81,4% de los dentistas tenían un bajo nivel de confianza para realizar procedimientos de diagnóstico de cáncer bucal. Al asignar puntuaciones según las respuestas dadas por los profesionales, se descubrió que la mayoría de los dentistas entrevistados obtuvieron una puntuación regular (C) y buena (B) sobre el cáncer bucal. Después del análisis estadístico, fue posible observar que cuanto mayor es el grupo de edad, mayor es el porcentaje de profesionales con conocimiento regular e insatisfactorio sobre el cáncer bucal, y este resultado es estadísticamente significativo.Conclusiones: La mayoría de los dentistas en Mossoró presentaron un conocimiento entre regular y bueno sobre el cáncer bucalyuna parte significativa se autodeclaróinsegura para hacer el diagnóstico, siendo necesarias capacitaciones sobre cáncer bucal y cursos de actualización paraaumentarla autoconfianza de estos profesionales.Palabras clave:Cáncer bucal. Atención Primaria en Salud. Cirujano dentista (AU).

Radiographic evaluation of the prevalence of Stafne bone defect / Evaluación radiográfica de prevalencia de defecto óseo de Stafne

Stafne bone defect (SBD) is a bone cavity in the lingual surface of the mandible normally filled by salivary gland tissue. In conventional radiographs, SBD typically resembles a radiolucent unilocular lesion with welldefined margins, localized under the inferior alveolar canal. The diagnosis of SBD is often incidental due to the asymptomatic nature. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of SBDs in a Brazilian population and to describe the radiographic features of the cases reported. This retrospective study evaluated 17,180 digital panoramic radiographs of patients with an indication of radiography for dental treatment seen at three centers located in the three Brazilian states. In each center, two researchers evaluated the images for establishment of the consensual diagnosis of SBD. In the case of disagreement, a third researcher was consulted to reach a final consensus. To assess the prevalence of SBDs, sex and age of patients were considered, and SBDs were classified according to their form and location. Data were submitted to descriptive analysis. Among the 17.180 patients, only 15 (0.08 %) had SDB, including 3 women and 12 men. The age range of the patients with SDB was 30-69 years (mean: 49.2). Fourteen cases were located in the posterior region of the mandibular body and one case in the ascending ramus. Stafne bone defect is a rare developmental anomaly that more commonly affects middle-aged men. The condition has a typical radiographic appearance and panoramic radiography is a valuable tool for its diagnosis.

El defecto óseo de Stafne (DOS) es una cavidad ósea en la superficie lingual de la mandíbula, normalmente llena de tejido glandular salival. En las radiografías convencionales, el DOS generalmente se asemeja a una lesión unilocular radiotransparente con bordes bien definidos, ubicada debajo del canal alveolar inferior. El diagnóstico de DOS a menudo es accidental debido a su naturaleza asintomática. El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la prevalencia de DOS en una población brasileña y describir las características radiográficas de los casos reportados. Este estudio retrospectivo evaluó 17.180 radiografías panorámicas digitales de pacientes con indicación radiográfica para tratamiento dental atendidos en tres centros ubicados en tres estados brasileños. En cada centro, dos investigadores evaluaron las imágenes para establecer un diagnóstico consensuado de DOS. En caso de desacuerdo, se consultó a un tercer investigador para llegar a un consenso final. Para evaluar la prevalencia de DOS, se consideraron el sexo y la edad de los pacientes, y se clasificaron según su forma y ubicación. Los datos fueron sometidos a análisis descriptivo. Entre los 17.180 pacientes, solo 15 (0,08 %) tenían DOS, incluidos 3 mujeres y 12 hombres. El rango de edad de los pacientes con DOS fue de 30 a 69 años (media: 49,2). Catorce casos se ubicaron en la región posterior del cuerpo mandibular y un caso en la rama ascendente. Los defectos óseos de Stafne son una anomalía rara del desarrollo que afecta más comúnmente a los hombres de mediana edad. La condición tiene una apariencia radiográfica típica y la radiografía panorámica es una herramienta valiosa para su diagnóstico.

Immunohistochemical evaluation of HLA-G and FoxP3+ T regulatory cells in oral cavity and lower lip squamous cell carcinomas.

Human Leukocyte Antigen G (HLA-G) is a molecule involved in the tumor immunosuppression and also in the generation of regulatory T (Treg) cells, thus leading to evasion to the immune system host, and consequently, contributing to tumor progression in several cancers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunoexpression of HLA-G by tumor cells and FoxP3+ Treg cells in 25 oral tongue squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) and 25 lower lip SCCs and analyze their relationship with clinical parameters. HLA-G expression was higher in oral tongue SCCs than in lower lip SCCs. In oral tongue SCCs and lower lip SCCs, no association between HLA-G expression and clinical parameters (tumor size, lymph node status, distant metastasis, and clinical stage) was verified (P>0.05). FoxP3+ Treg cells were detected along the tumor invasive front in all cases of oral tongue and lower lip SCCs. In oral tongue SCC cases, the number of Treg cells tended to be higher in smaller tumors, tumors without regional lymph node metastasis, and tumors in early clinical stages, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). A significant positive correlation was found between the expression of HLA-G by neoplastic cells and Treg cells in lower lip SCCs (p = 0.008). Our findings suggest the involvement of HLA-G and Treg cells in the modulation of immune responses in oral tongue and lower lip SCCs. This interaction between HLA-G and Treg cells may represent an evasion mechanism in these malignancies.